THE EFFECTS OF VOLTAGE OVERLOAD ON ELECTRONIC DEVICES

The article presents the results of experimental studies devoted to modeling the emergency operation of electrical equipment. Battery chargers subjected to voltage overload were chosen as the study subjects. The purpose of the experiment was to determine the critical temperatures at which this emergency occurs, as well as to fix the characteristic thermal damage. During laboratory tests using thermal imaging technology, the maximum heating temperatures of the housings and internal elements of the chargers were determined when an increased voltage of 380 V. The thermograms obtained made it possible to record the dynamics of heating and identify the most vulnerable nodes exposed to thermal effects. Subsequent damage analysis was performed by optical microscopy. As a result of the study of electronic components and printed circuit boards, specific traces were identified that are characteristic of the overvoltage mode. The identified diagnostic signs are of high value for conducting fire technical examinations. They make it possible to reliably establish the occurrence of an emergency operation of electrical equipment (voltage overload) when analyzing the electrical version of the cause of the fire. The use of these techniques and criteria in expert practice helps to increase the objectivity of conclusions and the accuracy of establishing cause-and-effect relationships in the investigation of fires.